A Century of Community, Commitment, and Faith.

St. Illuminator’s Cathedral:
A Century of Community, Commitment, and Faith*
By Hourig Papazian Sahagian †
[This article originally appeared in the commemorative book for the 100th Anniversary of Mayr Yegeghetsi. It is reprinted here in loving memory of Hourig Papazian Sahagian.]
If only the walls of St. Illuminator’s Armenian Apostolic Cathedral could speak to us today. They might echo the tune Kele Lao (Let’s go home). Since the early 20th century, generations who passed through the church doors found a new home within these walls and with its parishioners.
The first generation to do so fled persecution as a result of the Armenian Genocide; they left their homes and villages behind in the mists of blood and anguish. In the years following the Genocide, St. Illuminator’s shone like a beacon of hope for Armenians. After landing on Ellis Island they flocked to this church located on a bustling midtown Manhattan street, searching for family members, village neighbors, and the anchor to a new life.
The church’s hall, with its stalwart posts, bravely supported the weight of the church as well as the Armenians seeking refuge. Despite the economic hardship faced by its members, St. Illuminator’s plunged into fulfilling her mission as a nurturing place full of spirit. For the survivors she personified the Statue of Liberty’s welcome of loving generosity; she offered the Armenian haven of ancient light and succor—the Holy Badarak. There were joyous times of family reunions, young people finding love, weddings, christenings, and inevitably the last farewells of parishioners.
George Mardikian, founder of ANCHA, with Rev. Fr. Asoghik Kelejian and the Peshtimaljian Family.
As the new St. Illuminator’s parish took shape, there were triumphs great and small—finding factory work, learning English, opening grocery stores, starting shoe, tailor, and seamstress shops. Coffee shops, the Armen Garo Club, and a variety of Armenian specialty stores also popped up along Third Avenue, around the corner from the church. All the while parishioners sacrificed time, money, and effort for their church although they were living through hardship themselves. There were constant fund raisers by the trustees, Ladies’ Guild, and others for the Genocide survivors, orphans, the Garmir Khatch (later known as the Armenian Relief Society) and the Armenian Legion (Gamavor).
Funds were also saved to bring relatives to the United States. Hearts trembled for news of loved ones; a letter from home was cause for celebration. As finances improved, an Armenian school was established where classes were held three days a week and absentees were rare. Soon following were the start of charitable, cultural, and political organizations. Evening events crowded the calendar with gatherings of various men’s and women’s organizations, youth groups, sports clubs, regional and village fraternal societies, as well a choir and mixed chorus.
“Building on our
historic legacy, we are
inspired to create new
memories and legends
within the resurrected
walls and pillars
of St. Illuminator’s
Cathedral.”
— Hourig Papazian Sahagian
During the years 1917 to 1920, parishioners received the news that their loved ones in the old country were once again being persecuted. Thus the Armenian Legion was formed as an army of volunteers who trained as part of the French Foreign Legion. A number of United States divisions were created with a single mission: to return to Historic Armenia to rescue survivors and orphans. Old anxieties were revived in the hearts of St. Illuminator’s parishioners as they said farewell to the volunteers in the church hall. These courageous volunteers had barely found a foothold in their new country when they turned around and went back into the fields of genocide.
Later when calamity struck the United States in the form of the Great Depression, Armenians endured with the resilience acquired through millennia of troubled times. St. Illuminator’s again stretched out her arms serving as support for her flock during those long, dark years. In the same decade, political upheaval caused a rift in the hierarchy of the Armenian Apostolic Church and months of negotiations took place in the hall of St. Illuminator’s, which resounded with the voices of church and community representatives at endless meetings in search of reconciliation.
Despite turbulent times, this period ushered in a “Golden Age” in culture among Armenian Americans. For the St. Illuminator’s community in particular, Armenian artistic life developed through music, dance, and dramatic productions featuring renowned artists who appeared on the stages of Carnegie Hall, the Metropolitan Opera, and Town Hall. Within the Armenian world, General Antranig’s visit prompted a fund raising campaign-reception in St. Illuminator’s hall to benefit the Armenian Army. Fellow heroic military leader General Sebouh became a familiar figure at St. Illuminator’s as he lived in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan. But it was the visit to New York of Franz Werfel, the author of The Forty Days of Musa Dagh that topped all the events of the 1930s. A gala black-tie reception held in his honor at the Waldorf-Astoria, just blocks from St. Illuminator’s, created unparalleled excitement in the parish.
Just a short while later as Europe teetered on the brink of World War II, Armenian Americans observed all diplomatic and political machinations chilled by the old fear of a coming conflagration. Painful scars of the First World War were still fresh in Armenian minds when Pearl Harbor suddenly burst upon America. The entire Armenian American community met the demands of war with patriotic determination. Countless men from St. Illuminator’s parish and thousands from the Metropolitan area rallied to the defense of their country. They served, fought, and died with honor on every front.
After the war, when some Eastern European countries became part of the USSR, Armenians fled by the thousands. A great number were interred in refugee camps in Germany as stateless persons and many were able to immigrate to the United States thanks to the Nansen Passport issued through the efforts of Fridtjof Nansen, the Norwegian humanitarian and Nobel Laureate who aided survivors after World War I. The Armenian American community hastily rallied to the cause of bringing the refugees to the United States. The Prelacy of the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Armenian Relief Society, and the National Council of Churches joined forces and formed the American National Committee to Aid Homeless Armenians (ANCHA).
St. Illuminator and St. Sarkis parishioners of all ages rose as one to meet the challenges of re-settling wave after wave of newcomers. Once again, St. Illuminator’s hall was filled with the voices of workers in a colossal community effort, bridging two decades. Cadres of volunteers stood ready at the New York docks, where ships arrived from Europe, to escort refugees to the St. Illuminator’s hall. The new ANCHA refugees were fed and clothed by the army of volunteers who stood ready to leap into action at a moment’s notice. Traditional Armenian meals were prepared in the kitchen of the church hall by a legion of volunteers from the two parishes.
In addition to being a spiritual home, Mayr Yegeghetsi also welcomed, encouraged, and became a home for literary and cultural activities. In 1962, Hagop Khashamian organized monthly literary evenings at Mayr Yegeghetsi; Very Rev. Fr. and Maestro Krikor Pidejian, pastor from 1962 to 1964, founded the Kousan Choir here, which performed at the World’s Fair in 1964 under the baton of Armen Babamian, for many years Mayr Yegeghetsi’s choirmaster; Maestro Raffi Sevadjian led the chorus to perform at Town Hall in 1969; the Armenian Cultural Association in New York, which later became Hamazkayin, had its inception at Mayr Yegeghesti in 1967 and, until 1977 held its choral, dance, and theater rehearsals here: Herand Markarian, for ten years, rehearsed at Mayr Yegeghetsi and held all rehearsals of his 1995 Off-Broadway play “Mirrors” here. These are mere highlights from among thousands of cultural activities under Mayr Yegeghetsi’s embrace throughout her history that have sustained our heritage, earning Mayr Yegeghetsi distinction as a singular pan-Armenian cultural center like no other. Pictured above are Hayr Krikor and Armen Babamian, with the Kousan Choir, in Pashalian Hall, 1964.
Newcomers were then processed through interviews with the committee and remained to take up residence in the Tri-state area. Others in large numbers were relocated to California and other states. All were escorted to the bus, train, or airport and upon arrival were greeted by their sponsoring families in destinations throughout the United States. Parish youth of the Saturday and Sunday schools ran errands, made phone calls, and delivered messages.
The Sunday School, with Rev. Fr. Moushegh Der Kaloustian at left and then Very Rev. Fr. Aram Keshishian, now H. H. Aram I, at right, circa mid 1970s.
Over the next twenty years, Armenian day schools emerged throughout the United States and in the late 1970s, St. Illuminator’s Day School was founded at the Armenian Center in Woodside, Queens. Later the Siamanto Academy for high school students was organized where weekly lectures were offered by well-known Armenian educators at St. Illuminator’s church hall. A decade later when the earth quake of December 7, 1988 struck, diaspora Armenians leapt into action as first responders. Instantly, the Prelacy offices, St. Illuminator’s, and the Woodside Armenian Center became the hub for fundraising, emergency aid, and collection of supplies. Physicians and specialists of the parish boarded flights to Yerevan to begin the aid work.
After these difficult years, St. Illuminator’s consecrated an altar in memory of the martyrs of the twentieth century’s first genocide. On April 24, 2000, the recovered bones of martyrs from Deir el Zor were encased in this contemporary reliquary as a solemn remembrance of the genocide.
Five generations had prayed, worked, and played in St. Illuminator’s Cathedral. But the passage of decades began to weigh heavily on its walls, pillars, and foundation. In 2008 architects and construction and metallurgy specialists were called upon to plan, design, rebuild, and renew the venerable space. The balcony was taken down, brilliant chandeliers lit the new lofty space, and the walls seemed to rise to even greater heights.
The tired old walls and pillars might have taken away with them some of the imprint of memories and legends of a venerable community. The people, past and present, of St. Illuminator’s accept the challenges of the future with a national spirit that burns more fiercely than ever. Building on our historic legacy, we are inspired to create new memories and legends within the resurrected walls and pillars of St. Illuminator’s Cathedral.